The clinical application of DTX is limited greatly owing to its poor water solubility. Currently, the only available commercial formulation of DTX is Taxotere® (SanofiAventis, Bridgewater, NJ, USA), which is composed of 40 mg/mL DTX and 1040 mg/mL Tween 80 (polysorbate80; P80) and requires further dilution with 13% ethanol before administration. Taxotere was first approved for the treatment of anthracycline-refractory metastatic breast cancer in 1996, and later for the treatment of platinum-refractory non-small-cell lung cancer, hormone refractory prostate cancer, head and neck cancer, advanced gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer.6–8 Despite its wide use for the treatment of various cancers, Taxotere is associated with serious side effects, including acute hypersensitivity reactions, cumulative fluid retention, neurotoxicity, febrile neutropenia, nail toxicity, myalgia, nasolacrimal duct stenosis and asthenia.9–11 Phase II studies of Taxotere in the treatment of various solid tumors showed that the most frequent adverse effects were alopecia (81%), grade III-IV leucocytopenia of short duration (66%), skin reactions (52%), and hypersensitivity reactions (26%).12 These side effects are attributable to either DTX as a cytotoxic agent or the presence of P80
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