The reaction between SO2 and O2 play a critical role in the production of acid H2SO4. From this reaction SO3 is formed. Then it combines the characteristics of sulfuric acid to form oleum.
This reaction is the reaction 2D and heat. It is affected by temperature, pressure and catalyst. When the temperature drops balance will shift towards creating SO3 and vice versa. As the pressure increases, the balance is shifting towards creating SO3.
In addition to speed up the reaction, V2O5 is used as a catalyst
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