Illegal wildlife trade must be controlled. It threatens the environment, deprives communities of their livelihoods, decreases revenues for governments and businesses, and increases the probability of conflicts creating security risks – in addition to jeopardizing the survival of some species. The key to success in the fight against illegal wildlife trade is collaboration among countries and international agencies. Efficient control of transboundary movements of wildlife products requires good information exchange and cooperation, involving importing, exporting and transit countries. Mechanisms need to be enhanced to facilitate rapid exchanges of intelligence between enforcement agencies. Illegal wildlife trade still has a relatively low priority compared to other transnational crimes such as drug smuggling, human trafficking or counterfeit products. As the routes used to transport illegal wildlife products are the same as those used for drugs, people and weapons, successful approaches in these areas need to be considered to combat illegal wildlife. A protocol on environmental crime under the Convention on Transboundary Crime might provide a regulatory framework for doing this.
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